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Orchiectomy in Canine:

 Canine Castration 

              Open Prescrotal Castration

              Closed Prescrotal Castration

 Prescrotal Castration

              Skin incision ----  Subcutaneous tissue incision along the median raphe ---- Continue to incise the fascia and parietal vaginal tunics - in Open Prescrotal Castration 

              The parietal vaginal tunic was intact in Closed Prescrotal Castration.

              Tunica albuginea was intact in both open and closed prescrotal castration.






Note:  

            The risk of ligature slippage and loosening may be slightly greater in closed techniques compared to open techniques.

            Removal of parietal vaginal tunic may reduce postoperative swelling.

            

                                                           

        

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